Report on digital transformation in higher education in South Asia

This report explores how higher education institutions (HEIs) in South Asia are advancing digital transformation to accelerate progress toward Sustainable Development Goal 4 (SDG 4) on quality education. Focusing on Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka, it provides one of the first comprehensive regional analyses of how digitalization is reshaping teaching, learning, research, and community engagement.

The study is structured around five key dimensions:

• Organisational Digital Culture
• Knowledge Creation and Innovation
• Knowledge Development
• Knowledge Management and Use
• Knowledge Exchange and Partnerships

Drawing on surveys, institutional case studies, and policy reviews, it assesses current capacities, highlights innovative practices, and identifies persistent gaps in infrastructure, digital skills, and policy alignment.

Findings show uneven progress across the subregion. While some institutions are pioneering collaborative online learning networks, faculty development programmes, and cross-border partnerships, others continue to face barriers such as limited connectivity and digital literacy challenges. These disparities highlight the urgent need for investment, inclusive policies, and stronger cooperation among governments and institutions.

The report concludes with a set of policy recommendations to strengthen institutional readiness, expand access to digital resources, promote equity and inclusion, and encourage regional and global collaboration. By addressing these priorities, South Asian HEIs can position themselves as leaders in creating a more connected, innovative, and resilient higher education landscape.